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• An unusual case of oral surgical management in a patient with isovaleric acidemia and schizophrenia: A case report.

  Miyamoto S, Ntege EH, Chinen Y, Goto T, Shirakawa J, Goto S, Kawano T, Shimizu Y, Nakanishi K, Nakamura H

  Biomedical reports ( Biomedical Reports )  17 ( 2 ) 64   2022.08 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  Oral/dental surgical care in patients with chronic medical comorbidities, such as isovaleric acidemia (IVA), can be challenging. In addition to technical complications, different comorbidities also present a complex range of concerning factors/challenges, which can increase the incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with surgery. IVA, a congenital error of metabolism, is a rare organic acidemia with a predisposition towards acute acidosis and life-threatening metabolic decompensation during stressful conditions, such as prolonged fasting and surgery. In addition, schizophrenia, a major neurological disorder, can result in manifestation of severe dental or periodontal conditions, including pericoronitis. The condition is associated with significant risk factors of postoperative complications, such as dangerous behaviors and adverse interactions between antipsychotic drugs and anesthetic agents. A case of comorbid dental disease with two coexisting chronic and life-threatening medical conditions, one of which is rare, is an unusual encounter in oral/dental surgery that is seldomly published. Moreover, implementing a safe and effective surgical intervention in such patients requires several informed considerations. However, only a few reported experiences or guidelines exist, reporting appropriate perioperative management strategies to minimize risks. Hence, in this case report, our experience of managing one of these rare encounters of a 20-year-old man who suffered from bilaterally partially erupted third molars, associated with chronic pericoronitis and dental caries of both the maxilla wisdom teeth with coexisting IVA and schizophrenia comorbidities is described. Additionally, the presentation and anticipated complications of the comorbid disorders of the patient are briefly reviewed. In this case, the pericoronitis and dental caries were treated by surgically removing the impacted third molars and the antagonist maxilla wisdom teeth under regional anesthesia and application of antibiotics for 3 days. The patient recovered without any postoperative complications after 1 year of follow-up.

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• Peripheral dentinogenic ghost cell tumor in the mandibular anterior region

  Miyamoto S.

  Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology ( Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology )  34 ( 4 ) 436 - 439   2022.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  A dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT), the rarest locally invasive odontogenic tumor, is considered a solid variant of the calcifying odontogenic cyst. Histopathologically, DGCT is characterized by ameloblastoma-like islands of epithelial cells in a mature connective tissue stroma and aberrant keratinization in the form of ghost cells associated with varying amounts of dysplastic dentin. DGCT is classified into the intraosseous type (central) and the extraosseous type (peripheral). The peripheral type is even rarer than the central type. We describe a case of peripheral DGCT measuring a size of 33 x 28 x 19 mmin the mandibular anterior region in a 61-year old woman. The tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral DGCT based on biopsy findings and radiographic images. Under general anesthesia, the lesion was excised by detaching it from the bone on the periosteum with a safety margin, and the bone in contact with the tumor was curetted and shaped. The wound was covered with poly glycolic acid-absorbable reinforcement material and fibrin glue spray. At approximately one year postoperatively, the patient remains recurrence-free.

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• Inhibitory effect of 405-nm blue LED light on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin.

  Tsutsumi-Arai C, Arai Y, Terada-Ito C, Imamura T, Tatehara S, Ide S, Shirakawa J, Wakabayashi N, Satomura K

  Lasers in medical science ( Lasers in Medical Science )  37 ( 4 ) 2311 - 2319   2022.06 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  We investigated whether irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light could inhibit the growth of not only single- but dual-species biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans on denture base resin and cause the alteration in gene expression related to adhesion and biofilm formation. C. albicans and S. mutans single-/dual-species biofilms were formed on the denture base specimens. The biofilms were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light (power density output: 280 mW/cm2) for 0 (control) and 40 min. Dual-species biofilms were analyzed using CFU assay and fluorescence microscopy, and single-/dual-species biofilms were analyzed using alamarBlue assays and gene expression analysis. To assess the inhibitory effect of irradiation on dual-species biofilms, specimens after irradiation were aerobically incubated for 12 h. After incubation, the inhibition of growth was assessed using CFU assays and fluorescence microscopy. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U or Student's t test (p < 0.05). Irradiation produced a significant inhibitory effect on biofilms. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost all C. albicans and S. mutans cells were killed by irradiation, and there was no notable difference in biofilm thickness immediately after irradiation and after irradiation and incubation for 12 h. alamarBlue assays indicated the growth of the biofilms was inhibited for 12-13 h. The expression of genes associated with adhesion and biofilm formation-als1 in C. albicans and ftf, gtfC, and gtfB in S. mutans-significantly reduced by irradiation. Irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light effectively inhibited the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilms for 12 h.

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• IgSF11 regulates osteoclast differentiation through association with the scaffold protein PSD-95.

  Kim H, Takegahara N, Walsh MC, Middleton SA, Yu J, Shirakawa J, Ueda J, Fujihara Y, Ikawa M, Ishii M, Kim J, Choi Y

  Bone research ( NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP )  8 ( 1 ) 5 - 5   2020 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  Osteoclasts are multinucleated, giant cells derived from myeloid progenitors. While receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) stimulation is the primary driver of osteoclast differentiation, additional signaling further contributes to osteoclast maturation. Here, we demonstrate that immunoglobulin superfamily member 11 (IgSF11), whose expression increases during osteoclast differentiation, regulates osteoclast differentiation through interaction with postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), a scaffold protein with multiple protein interaction domains. IgSF11 deficiency in vivo results in impaired osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption but no observed defect in bone formation. Consequently, IgSF11-deficient mice exhibit increased bone mass. Using in vitro osteoclast culture systems, we show that IgSF11 functions through homophilic interactions. Additionally, we demonstrate that impaired osteoclast differentiation in IgSF11-deficient cells is rescued by full-length IgSF11 and that the IgSF11-PSD-95 interaction requires the 75 C-terminal amino acids of IgSF11. Our findings reveal a critical role for IgSF11 during osteoclast differentiation and suggest a role for IgSF11 in a receptor- and signal transduction molecule-containing protein complex.

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• Flrt2 is involved in fine-tuning of osteoclast multinucleation.

  Shirakawa J, Takegahara N, Kim H, Lee SH, Sato K, Yamagishi S, Choi Y

  BMB reports   52 ( 8 ) 514 - 519   2019.08 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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• Elucidation of cancer bone infiltration and metastasis via FLRT2 and evaluation of possibility of bone metastasis prevention by Flrt2 control.

  Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity start-up

  Project Year: 2021.08  -  2023.03 

  Direct: 2,400,000 (YEN)  Overheads: 3,120,000 (YEN)  Total: 720,000 (YEN)

• Elucidation of cancer bone infiltration and metastasis via FLRT2 and evaluation of possibility of bone metastasis prevention by Flrt2 control.

  Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity start-up

  Project Year: 2021.08  -  2023.03 

  Direct: 2,400,000 (YEN)  Overheads: 3,120,000 (YEN)  Total: 720,000 (YEN)