研究者詳細 - 久保田　康裕

論文 - 久保田　康裕

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Natural Disturbance-Based Forest Management: Moving Beyond Retention and Continuous-Cover Forestry

Kuuluvainen T.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change ( Frontiers in Forests and Global Change ) 4 2021年04月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Latitudinal gradients and scaling regions in trait space: Taylor’s power law in Japanese woody plants

Ulrich W.

Global Ecology and Biogeography ( Global Ecology and Biogeography ) 30 ( 6 ) 1334 - 1343 2021年03月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Kusumoto B.

Journal of Vegetation Science ( Journal of Vegetation Science ) 32 ( 2 ) 2021年03月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Seed size and weight of 129 tree species in Japan

Kimura M.K.

Ecological Research ( Ecological Research ) 35 ( 5 ) 787 - 791 2020年08月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Past and future decline of tropical pelagic biodiversity.

Yasuhara M, Wei CL, Kucera M, Costello MJ, Tittensor DP, Kiessling W, Bonebrake TC, Tabor CR, Feng R, Baselga A, Kretschmer K, Kusumoto B, Kubota Y

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ) 117 ( 23 ) 12891 - 12896 2020年06月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A major research question concerning global pelagic biodiversity remains unanswered: when did the apparent tropical biodiversity depression (i.e., bimodality of latitudinal diversity gradient [LDG]) begin? The bimodal LDG may be a consequence of recent ocean warming or of deep-time evolutionary speciation and extinction processes. Using rich fossil datasets of planktonic foraminifers, we show here that a unimodal (or only weakly bimodal) diversity gradient, with a plateau in the tropics, occurred during the last ice age and has since then developed into a bimodal gradient through species distribution shifts driven by postglacial ocean warming. The bimodal LDG likely emerged before the Anthropocene and industrialization, and perhaps ∼15,000 y ago, indicating a strong environmental control of tropical diversity even before the start of anthropogenic warming. However, our model projections suggest that future anthropogenic warming further diminishes tropical pelagic diversity to a level not seen in millions of years.

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Ethnobotany-informed trait ecology: measuring vulnerability of timber provisioning services across forest biomes in Japan

Kusumoto B.

Biodiversity and Conservation ( Biodiversity and Conservation ) 29 ( 7 ) 2297 - 2310 2020年06月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

© 2020, Springer Nature B.V. Trait-based functional ecology plays a key role for valuing biodiversity, based on the mechanistic link between species assembly and ecosystem-services. To evaluate the vulnerability of valuable biodiversity to human impacts, this study focused on assemblages of tree species with timber provisioning services and investigated the functional response of their utilitarian traits to forest exploitation. We first merged traditional knowledge of timber use, successional niche, and functional traits of tree species across forest biomes in Japan. Using leaf and wood traits of 514 tree species, we quantified macro-scale patterns of functional identity, richness, and divergence for the timber species and entire tree assemblages in Japan. At the 10-km grid cell level, we conducted a species loss simulation that assumed forest exploitation, in which later successional species were step-wisely removed from the potential tree assemblages. The simulation showed that species loss led to shifting functional identity and changes in functional richness and divergence. Such responses of functional structure were geographically associated with region-specific redundancy or complementarity in tree species assemblages. Specifically, the shift of functional identities was prominent in high latitudes with low species loss and low latitude with higher species loss. The utilitarian value of tree species in higher latitude forests was more closely associated with their ecological niche and functional uniqueness, which indicates vulnerability of trait space to species loss. The changes in trait space, which were associated with non-random species loss, were context-dependently influenced by climate conditions and species pool size. Our findings indicate that the insurance effect of biodiversity was a region-specific feature of forest biomes. We conclude that ethnobotany-informed trait ecology can elucidate the valuable biodiversity for human culture and its vulnerability to species loss; this information is essential for sustainable use of biodiversity resources in human society.

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Colonize, radiate, decline: Unraveling the dynamics of island community assembly with Fijian trap-jaw ants.

Liu C, Sarnat EM, Friedman NR, Hita Garcia F, Darwell C, Booher D, Kubota Y, Mikheyev AS, Economo EP

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution ( Evolution ) 74 ( 6 ) 1082 - 1097 2020年06月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

The study of island community assembly has been fertile ground for developing and testing theoretical ideas in ecology and evolution. The ecoevolutionary trajectory of lineages after colonization has been a particular interest, as this is a key component of understanding community assembly. In this system, existing ideas, such as the taxon cycle, posit that lineages pass through a regular sequence of ecoevolutionary changes after colonization, with lineages shifting toward reduced dispersal ability, increased ecological specialization, and declines in abundance. However, these predictions have historically been difficult to test. Here, we integrate phylogenomics, population genomics, and X-ray microtomography/3D morphometrics, to test hypotheses for whether the ecomorphological diversity of trap-jaw ants (Strumigenys) in the Fijian archipelago is assembled primarily through colonization or postcolonization radiation, and whether species show ecological shifts toward niche specialization, toward upland habitats, and decline in abundance after colonization. We infer that most Fijian endemic Strumigenys evolved in situ from a single colonization and have diversified to fill a large fraction of global morphospace occupied by the genus. Within this adaptive radiation, lineages trend to different degrees toward high elevation, reduced dispersal ability, and demographic decline, and we find no evidence of repeated colonization that displaces the initial radiation. Overall these results are only partially consistent with taxon cycle and associated ideas, while highlighting the potential role of priority effects in assembling island communities.

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Factors influencing the precision of species richness estimation in Japanese vascular plants

Ulrich W.

Diversity and Distributions ( Diversity and Distributions ) 26 ( 6 ) 769 - 778 2020年06月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Aim Estimating species richness from a series of samples is an important and widely debated issue in ecology and biodiversity conservation. Numerous tests of respective richness estimators gave insights into the precision, the limitations and the pitfalls of richness forecasting. However, few benchmark tests used almost complete empiric census data obtained at those spatial scales where richness estimation is most useful for conservation management.Location Japan.Methods We use an extraordinary dataset on the spatial distribution of Japanese plants containing complete information on the occurrence of each Japanese plant species at the 10 x 10 km(2) grid cell level. We link the estimates of four estimators representing different theoretical approaches, Chao2, rarefaction, species-area relationships (SAR) and species abundance distributions (SAD), to environmental data using a fully nested sampling design.Results Chao2 and rarefaction behaved very similar in all tests and significantly underestimated true richness below 40% sampling fraction. SAR and SAD were less precise than Chao2 and rarefaction at higher sampling fraction but also less affected by low sample size. In general, SAD provided robust estimates over the whole range of sampling fraction and 67.4% of estimates ranged within the 10% error level. Higher species spatial turnover increased and high evenness in occurrence decreased the precision of the SAD estimator. Precision of the four estimators was largely unaffected by environmental variability but increased with increasing latitude.Main conclusions Our results strongly indicate that the pattern of Japanese plant species spatial distribution is sufficiently scale invariant for richness estimators to provide precise forecasting results at the country level. The simplest process to generate such a spatial distribution is ecological drift.

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Time machine biology cross-timescale integration of ecology, evolution, and oceanography

Yasuhara M.

Oceanography ( Oceanography ) 33 ( 2 ) 16 - 28 2020年06月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Integrating multiple sources of ecological data to unveil macroscale species abundance.

Fukaya K, Kusumoto B, Shiono T, Fujinuma J, Kubota Y

Nature communications ( Nature Communications ) 11 ( 1 ) 1695 2020年04月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Integrating multiple sources of ecological data to unveil macroscale species abundance

K. Fukaya, B. Kusumoto, T. Shiono, J. Fujinuma, Y. Kubota

Nature Communications 11 1695 2020年04月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

日本における植物生息域外保全の強化に向けて

楠本聞太郎, 久保田康裕

日本生態学会誌 70 105 - 111 2020年04月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）

Approaches for general rules of biodiversity patterns in space and time

Kubota Y.

Ecological Research ( Ecological Research ) 35 ( 2 ) 289 - 291 2020年03月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

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Constraints on the distribution of species abundances indicate universal mechanisms of community assembly

Ulrich W.

Ecological Research ( Ecological Research ) 35 ( 2 ) 362 - 371 2020年03月 [ 査読有り ]

掲載種別: 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Recently, a 2018 study by Ulrich et al. introduced the Weibull distribution as a flexible approach to model the distribution of species abundances in ecological communities. They pointed to possible limitations in the realized parameter spaces of this distribution as possibly indicating ecological constraints on species abundances. Here, we explore this question in detail using three large global data sets on quantitatively assessed plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate communities. By fitting the Weibull distribution to these communities, we confirm that only a minor amount of the possible ranges in the scale and the shape parameters of the Weibull distribution are realized. Shapes of distributions become more similar across taxa with increasing species richness and average abundances. This finding points to stochastic explanations for species abundance shapes, possibly linked to local colonization and extinction dynamics. We introduce the Weibull survival time parameter as a way to define the proportion of rare species in a community. This proportion increased with increasing species richness.