Published Papers - Chen, Bixia

Typhoon-related tree damage and conservation implications for homestead windbreaks on the Ryukyu Archipelago: a case study of Yonaguni Island, Japan

Chen B.

Landscape and Ecological Engineering ( Landscape and Ecological Engineering )  20 ( 3 ) 349 - 362   2024 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Visitors’ perceptions of traditional homestead windbreaks from user-generated comments

Chen B.

Urban Forestry and Urban Greening ( Urban Forestry and Urban Greening )  85   2023.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Developing biodiversity-based solutions for sustainable food systems through transdisciplinary Sustainable Development Goals Labs (SDG-Labs)

Jarzebski M.P.

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems ( Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems )  7   2023 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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沖縄県のフクギ屋敷林の持続可能な管理において住民合意形成に関する研究

山崎 澪二, 陳 碧霞

日本森林学会大会発表データベース ( 日本森林学会 )  133 ( 0 ) 78   2022.05

Type of publication: Research paper (research society, symposium materials, etc.)

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<p>　沖縄県には、琉球王府から受け継がれる防塩・防火、防風林として機能して植栽されているフクギ並木の歴史的景観を見る事ができる。しかし、その歴史的景観を形成する主木のフクギ並木は、住宅の敷地内に植栽されているため、琉球の伝統的遺産と認識する者が少ない。その為、ライフスタイルの変化や戦後の農村整備事業などにより、一部地域では伐採され、その景観の消失が後を絶たない。フクギ並木は、歴史文化景観、自然環境保全の観点から、沖縄の重要な遺産であり、持続可能な管理を行っていく必要性がある。</p><p>　そこで、本研究では、本部町備瀬区と今帰仁村今泊区を事例に、フクギ景観の保全に関する調査報告書、区の議会議事録などの文献調査また各地域の区長及び長老への聞き取り調査を行い、フクギ屋敷林管理保全方法に関する意思決定過程を考察していく。本研究では、合意形成過程での重要なキーパーソン、これまでの合意形成過程の中での課題等について明らかにする。</p>

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国立公園への訪問動機に対する訪問者の属性的影響

陳 碧霞, 角 媛梅

日本森林学会大会発表データベース ( 日本森林学会 )  133 ( 0 ) 82   2022.05

Type of publication: Research paper (research society, symposium materials, etc.)

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<p> National parks are usually large natural areas designated and managed by the government and are used for tourism. A questionnaire survey on Pudacuo National Park, the first park in China, was conducted to evaluate the profile of tourists, visitation motivations, activities, and socio-demographic factors that influence their motivations. The key findings include the following: 1) Tourists that visited the national park were young, well educated, and had a stable income. 2) The primary motivation factors are air quality, scenery, stay in nature, escape city, and relationship. 3) The most popular activities were walking on trials, taking of photos/videos, and appreciation of plants and animal nature. 4) Gender, education, and age were influencing factors of visitation, whereas income was not statistically found to influence motivations.</p>

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Dust capturing capacity of woody plants in clean air zones throughout taiwan

Wang Y.C.

Atmosphere ( Atmosphere )  12 ( 6 )   2021.06 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Carbon storage in old-growth homestead windbreaks of small islands in Okinawa

Chen Bixia, Kusajima Hayato

The Japanese Forest Society Congress ( THE JAPANESE FORESTRY SOCIETY )  132 ( 0 ) 8   2021.05

Type of publication: Research paper (research society, symposium materials, etc.)

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<p>[in Japanese]</p>

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Distribution and utilization of homestead windbreak Fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica Merr.) trees: an ethnobotanical approach.

Chen B, Akamine H

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine ( Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine )  17 ( 1 ) 11   2021.02 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Village Fengshui Forests as Forms of Cultural and Ecological Heritage: Interpretations and Conservation Policy Implications from Southern China

Chen, J., Lin, L., Zhang, Y., Dai, Y.*, Chen, B.*

Forests   11   2020.12 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

Village fengshui forests as forms of cultural and ecological heritage: Interpretations and conservation policy implications from southern China

Chen J.

Forests ( Forests )  11 ( 12 ) 1 - 15   2020.12 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Urbanization and Decline of Old Growth Windbreak Trees on Private Homesteads: A Case Study in Ryukyu Island Villages, Japan

Chen, B.

Forests   11   2020.09 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Urbanization and decline of old growthwindbreak trees on private homesteads: A case study in Ryukyu Island Villages, Japan

Chen B.

Forests ( Forests )  11 ( 9 )   2020.09 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Carbon storage in old-growth homestead windbreaks of small islands in Okinawa: Toward the sustainable management and conservation

Chen B.

Forests ( Forests )  11 ( 4 ) 448   2020.04 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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<jats:p>Research Highlights: This study contributes to the improvement of the understanding of ecosystem functions of trees growing outside the forest, by quantifying the carbon sequestration function of a homestead windbreak, for example, a linear forest belt planted bordering a farmhouse in small islands. Background and objectives: Carbon storage in small-scale stands of forests have been less studied compared to that in large-scale forests. The aims of the present study were to clarify the ecological functions of carbon storage and the economic value of homestead windbreaks to propose effective conservation strategies for old-growth homestead windbreaks in the face of climate change. Materials and Methods: On the small islands of Okinawa Prefecture, the dominant tree species used for the homestead windbreaks is fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica Merr.). We collected data on the diameter at breast height (DBH) and the height of 23,518 fukugi trees in 10 villages from 2009 to 2018. Results: The total amount of carbon stored in the remnant fukugi homestead trees of the 10 surveyed hamlets was 6089 t-CO2. The amount is equivalent to the carbon amount that is stored in a 40-year-old Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forest, a representative tree species in Japan, of 20.9 ha area. Furthermore, the estimated economic value of the homestead trees was equivalent to USD 235,433, in terms of the plantation and management costs of 40-year-old Japanese cedar forests. This study revealed that homestead trees planted in an orderly line usually have a high density; hence, they have a high potential for biomass accumulation, carbon sequestration, and climate change mitigation. Moreover, homestead trees could contribute to a reduction in carbon diffusion, by cooling the house and reducing potential energy consumption. The findings related to homestead trees are consistent with those of other types of trees outside forests or small patches of trees: not adding to future land use competition and highly effective at carbon sequestration. Conclusions: The finding related to the carbon storage of homestead trees will provide basic information, as well as a new perspective on future local conservation and its contribution to climate change mitigation. This study suggests the necessity of the existing trees being properly managed, recruiting trees to be planted to replace old-growth trees, and replanting trees near newly established houses or old homesteads where trees have been cut.</jats:p>

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Carbon storage in old-growth homestead windbreaks of small islands in Okinawa: Toward the sustainable management and conservation.

Chen, B. and Wang, Y.

Forests   11 ( 4 )   2020.04 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

Old-growth trees in homesteads on the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan: uses, management, and conservation

Chen, Bixia, Liang, Luohui

Small-scale Forstry ( International Union of Forest Organizations (IUFRO) )  19 ( 1 ) 39 - 56   2020.03 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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Greening in urban areas and forests can provide people with valuable environmental and social benefits. Active involvement by local stakeholders is crucial for effective tree conservation. Our study focused on the past and current uses, management, and conservation of old-growth fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica) trees from the perspective of local stakeholders in rural homesteads on Ryukyu Archipelago, a small island archipelago in Japan. We conducted semi-structured interviews with local communities and local leaders on five small islands and in two hamlets on mainland Okinawa. We found that residents highly valued fukugi homestead trees as windbreaks. Other benefits derived from these trees included traditional dyeing material and green manure. Problems associated with these trees, such as fallen leaves and fruits, and the potential risk of injury caused by strong winds have jeopardized conserving the existing trees. Our results indicate that the value of trees to human wellbeing and society has changed dramatically from largely providing provisioning services meeting local people’s basic needs to regulating services, e.g., protecting the houses from natural disasters, and cultural services. Opinions in terms of services and disservices differed among islands and stakeholders. Accordingly, decision-makers should consider these changes/differences when developing conservation policies. We highlight several alternative uses for old-growth trees, such as tourist attractions, and propose a multi-stakeholder conservation strategy, which will be important for the sustainable management of fukugi trees.

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Dimensions and Conservation of Remnant Homestead Windbreaks on a Small Island–A Case Study of Taketomi Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan–

Chen, B., Nakama, Y.

海岸林学会誌 ( 日本海岸林学会 )  18 ( 1 )   2019.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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To aid the conservation of vanishing old-growth fukugi trees (Garcinia subelliptica) in Okinawa Prefecture, this study aimed to compile an inventory of the dimensions and spatial distribution of such trees planted centuries ago as windbreaks along homestead borderlines. This paper reports our field survey results and findings from a small island, Taketomi Island, belonging to Yaeyama Island Group. We measured 1,194 fukugi trees with a minimum diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm. Mean tree height, DBH, and estimated tree age are 6.05 m, 22.7 cm, and 90.8 years, respectively. Furthermore, almost 60% of the surveyed trees were planted on the east and north sides of homesteads to protect them from typhoons and monsoonal winds in the winter. Huge trees older than 250 years were distributed across 12 different homesteads. In addition to G. subelliptica, other useful tree species, namely Podocarpus macrophyllus and Diospyros egbert-walkeri, were commonly found as homestead windbreaks. Similar to other islands, the need for conservation initiatives and projects for these remnant old-growth trees is urgent, as they are vital parts of the scenic landscape for tourists on Taketomi Island.

Dimensions and Conservation of Remnant Homestead Windbreaks on a Small Island

Chen Bixia, Nakama Yuei

海岸林学会誌 ( 日本海岸林学会 )  18 ( 1 ) 7 - 12   2019.06 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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To aid the conservation of vanishing old-growth fukugi trees (<i>Garcinia subelliptica</i>) in Okinawa Prefecture, this study aimed to compile an inventory of the dimensions and spatial distribution of such trees planted centuries ago as windbreaks along homestead borderlines. This paper reports our field survey results and findings from a small island, Taketomi Island, belonging to Yaeyama Island Group. We measured 1,194 fukugi trees with a minimum diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm. Mean tree height, DBH, and estimated tree age are 6.05 m, 22.7 cm, and 90.8 years, respectively. Furthermore, almost 60% of the surveyed trees were planted on the east and north sides of homesteads to protect them from typhoons and monsoonal winds in the winter. Huge trees older than 250 years were distributed across 12 different homesteads. In addition to <i>G. subelliptica</i>, other useful tree species, namely <i>Podocarpus macrophyllus</i> and <i>Diospyros egbert-walkeri</i>, were commonly found as homestead windbreaks. Similar to other islands, he need for conservation initiatives and projects for these remnant old-growth trees is urgent, as they are vital parts of the scenic landscape for tourists on Taketomi Island.

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China's National Parks: Development Background and Barriers to Nature Conservation

Bixia Chen, Yuanmei Jiao, Yi Xie, Thomas Jones

日本森林学会大会発表データベース ( 日本森林学会 )  130 ( 0 ) 47   2019.05

Type of publication: Research paper (research society, symposium materials, etc.)

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<p>The status quo of protected area network and the problems they are facing in China were summerized, using an example of forest parks. Forest tourism in China focuses more on revenue generation and regional economics than nature conservation. Both the tourist number and revenues increased around 20% in the past years. The swarming in of tourists also brought the great economic improvement around the forest parks, in particular, those with famed scenic sites. The large number of forest visitors has given much pressure to the natural resources. In order to solve the present management issues existing in the current protected area system, China’s central government inaugurated a new National Park system. Using one of the ten pilot sites, Patotso National Park, as an example, the difficulties and barriers to prioritize natural conservation in the park management at the second half of this study.</p>

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Dimensions and Conservation of Remnant Homestead Windbreaks on a Small Island-A Case Study of Taketomi Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan

陳 碧霞

海岸林学会誌   18   4 - 12   2019 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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A Study of Utaki (Sacred Place) Forests on Tarama Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan

Nakama, Y., Kurima, G., Nakada, E., Chen, B.

The Science Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus ( University of the Ryukyus, Faculty of Agriculture )  65   2018.12

Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)