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• Relationships of the Surface Charge of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) with the Serum LDL-Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis Levels in a Japanese Population: The DOSANCO Health Study.

  Koshi Nakamura, Seiji Takeda, Toshihiro Sakurai, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Shu-Ping Hui, Hitoshi Chiba, Akiko Tamakoshi

  Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis     2024.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  AIM: This study investigated the associations of the surface charge of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with the serum LDL-cholesterol and atherosclerosis levels in a community-based Japanese population. METHODS: The study had a cross-sectional design and included 409 community residents aged 35-79 years who did not take medications for dyslipidemia. The potential electric charge of LDL and the zeta potential, which indicate the surface charge of LDL, were measured by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis. The correlations of the zeta potential of LDL (-mV) with the serum LDL-cholesterol levels (mg/dL), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (log-transformed values, mg/L) were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Linear regression models were constructed to examine these associations after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: A total of 201 subjects with correctly stored samples were included in the primary analysis for zeta potential measurement. An inverse correlation was observed between the LDL zeta potential and the serum LDL-cholesterol levels (r=-0.20; p=0.004). This inverse association was observed after adjusting for sex, age, dietary cholesterol intake, smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, and the serum levels of the major classes of free fatty acids (standardized β=-6.94; p=0.005). However, the zeta potential of LDL showed almost no association with CAVI or the serum hsCRP levels. Similar patterns were observed in the 208 subjects with compromised samples as well as all the original 409 subjects. CONCLUSION: A higher electronegative surface charge of LDL was associated with lower serum LDL-cholesterol levels in the general Japanese population.

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• Gut microbiota-based prediction for the transition from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in a remote island cohort study.

  Tsugumi Uema, Mari Tsukita, Shiki Okamoto, Moriyuki Uehara, Ken-Ichiro Honma, Yoshiro Nakayama, Atsuko Tamaki, Minoru Miyazato, Asuka Ashikari, Shiro Maeda, Minako Imamura, Masayuki Matsushita, Koshi Nakamura, Hiroaki Masuzaki

  Diabetes research and clinical practice   213   111747 - 111747   2024.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  AIM: The present cohort study explored whether specific gut microbiota (GM) profile would predict the development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: A total of 114 study subjects with NGT in Kumejima island, Japan participated in the present study and underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline and one year later. We compared the profile of GM at baseline between individuals who consistently maintained NGT (NRN, n = 108) and those who transitioned from NGT to IGT (NTI, n = 6). RESULTS: Within-individual bacterial richness and evenness as well as inter-individual bacterial composition showed no significant differences between NRN and NTI. Of note, however, partial least squares discriminant analyses revealed distinct compositions of GM between groups, with no overlap in their 95 % confidence interval ellipses. Multi-factor analyses at the genus level demonstrated that the proportions of CF231, Corynebacterium, Succinivibrio, and Geobacillus were significantly elevated in NTI compared to NRN (p < 0.005, FDR < 0.1, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c level, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that increased proportion of specific GM is linked to the future deterioration of glucose tolerance, thereby serving as a promising predictive marker for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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• Impact of treatment cessation on incidence and progression of retinopathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

  Yukiko Shinzato, Yoshiro Nakayama, Shiki Okamoto, Jasmine F. Millman, Tsugumi Uema, Ken-ichiro Honma, Atsuko Tamaki, Moriyuki Uehara, Taiki Teruya, Takamitsu Yabiku, Yohei Ishiki, Ken Yonaha, Ko-ichiro Arakaki, Moritake Higa, Hideki Koizumi, Koshi Nakamura, Michio Shimabukuro, Hiroaki Masuzaki

  Diabetology International   15 ( 3 ) 535 - 543   2024.05 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  Aims This cohort study investigated the association between treatment cessation and incidence/progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods Data were extracted from electronic medical records at the University of the Ryukyu Hospital and the Tomishiro Central Hospital of Okinawa, Japan. We enrolled 417 diabetic patients without DR (N = 281) and with nonproliferative DR (N = 136) at the baseline. Treatment cessation was defined as failing to attend outpatient clinics for at least twelve months prior to the baseline. After a median follow-up of 7 years, we compared the incidence/progression rate of DR including nonproliferative and proliferative DR between patients with and without treatment cessation and calculated the odds ratio (OR) in the treatment cessation group using a logistic regression model. Results The overall prevalence of treatment cessation was 13% in patients with T2DM. Characteristics of treatment cessation included relative youth (57 ± 11 years vs. 63 ± 12 years, P < 0.01). Treatment cessation was tightly associated with the incidence of DR (OR 4.20 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46–12.04, P < 0.01) and also incidence/progression of DR (OR 2.70 [1.28–5.69], P < 0.01), even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, duration of T2DM, and HbA1c level. Conclusions By considering major confounding factors, the present study demonstrates an independent association between treatment cessation and incidence of DR in patients with T2DM, highlighting treatment cessation as an independent risk for DR in T2DM.

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• Prevalence, Clinical Profiles, and Prognosis of Stiff-Person Syndrome in a Japanese Nationwide Survey.

  Naoko Matsui, Keiko Tanaka, Mitsuyo Ishida, Yohei Yamamoto, Yuri Matsubara, Reiko Saika, Takahiro Iizuka, Koshi Nakamura, Nagato Kuriyama, Makoto Matsui, Kokichi Arisawa, Yosikazu Nakamura, Ryuji Kaji, Satoshi Kuwabara, Yuishin Izumi

  Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation   10 ( 6 )   2023.11 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To elucidate current epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic profiles and treatments of stiff-person syndrome (SPS) in Japan. METHODS: A nationwide mail survey was conducted using an established method. Data processing sheets were sent to randomly selected departments of internal medicine, neurology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and neurosurgery in hospitals and clinics throughout Japan to identify patients with SPS who were seen between January 2015 and December 2017. RESULTS: Thirty cases were identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-positive SPS cases on the basis of detailed clinical data of 55 cases. Four patients had α1 subunit of glycine receptor (GlyR) antibodies, and 1 patient had both GAD65 and GlyR antibodies. The total estimated number of patients with GAD65-positive SPS was 140, and the estimated prevalence was 0.11 per 100,000 population. The median age at onset was 51 years (range, 26-83 years), and 23 (76%) were female. Of these, 70% had classic SPS, and 30% had stiff-limb syndrome. The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly longer in the high-titer GAD65 antibody group than in the low-titer group (13 months vs 2.5 months, p = 0.01). The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at baseline was 4, and the median mRS at the last follow-up was 2. Among the 29 GAD65-positive patients with ≥1 year follow-up, 7 received only symptomatic treatment, 9 underwent immunotherapy without long-term immunotherapy, and 13 received long-term immunotherapy such as oral prednisolone. The coexistence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the lack of long-term immunotherapy were independent risk factors for poor outcome (mRS ≥3) in the GAD65-positive patients (odds ratio, 15.0; 95% CI 2.6-131.6; p = 0.001; odds ratio, 19.8; 95% CI 3.2-191.5; p = 0.001, respectively). DISCUSSION: This study provides the current epidemiologic and clinical status of SPS in Japan. The symptom onset to the diagnosis of SPS was longer in patients with high-titer GAD65 antibodies than in those with low-titer GAD65 antibodies. The outcome of patients with SPS was generally favorable, but more aggressive immunotherapies are necessary for GAD65-positive patients with SPS.

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• Obesity and hypertension from a public health perspective in a small remote island of Okinawa, Japan.

  Yumeno Fukumine, Koshi Nakamura

  Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension   46 ( 8 ) 1850 - 1859   2023.05 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  This study investigated the relationship between obesity and hypertension from a public health perspective in a small remote island of Okinawa where obesity is prevalent. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 456 residents aged ≥18 years in Yonaguni island who underwent an annual health check-up and the Yonaguni dietary survey in 2022. Each participant responded to our original questionnaire and provided further dietary survey data via the Yonaguni municipal government. The odds ratio for hypertension was calculated in the obese group, using a logistic regression model with the non-obese group serving as the reference. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg measured on an automated sphygmomanometer, and/or taking anti-hypertensive agents, while obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. The proportion of hypertension associated with obesity among all hypertensive subjects was calculated. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension was 54.3% and 49.0% in the 208 male subjects and 32.3% and 43.6% in the 248 female subjects, respectively. The odds ratio for hypertension in the obese group was 3.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.93-7.20) for men and 4.13 (2.06-8.29) for women after adjusting for age, alcohol drinking habit, behavior for lowering salt intake, and smoking habit. Hypertension in 49.5% (95% confidence interval, 29.4%-63.9%) of males and 37.9% (22.6%-50.2%) of females was associated with obesity in this island. Some areas of Japan could be urgently required to address obesity for preventing cardiovascular disease. A community-based, cross-sectional study in 456 residents aged ≥18 years in Yonaguni island, Okinawa prefecture, Japan.

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• Japanese Medical Facilities Maintained the Quality of Medical Care for Acute Coronary Syndrome during the First Wave of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Japan.

  Koshi Nakamura

  Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis     2021.06

   

  DOI PubMed

• 生活習慣病の予防と医療費:10年間の追跡調査による健診所見と医療費の関連:滋賀国保コホート研究の知見から

  岡村 智教, 中村幸志, 早川岳人, 神田秀幸, 三浦克之, 岡山 明, 上島弘嗣

  日本衛生学雑誌   67 ( 1 ) 38 - 43   2012.01

   

• Smoking cessation rate and its related factors on a smoking cessation support program in a workplace

  C.Aoki, M.Higashiyama, Y.Nakashima, H.Takayosi, C.Okamoto, E.Nagayama, C.Kobayashi, T.Kido, K.Miura, Y.Morikawa, M.Sakurai, K.Nakamura, H.Nakagawa, M.Ishizaki, Y.Naruse

    35 ( 1 ) 36 - 38   2008.10  [Refereed]

   

• Effects of educational program under a tutorial or a small-group system on body weight loss for obese participants in a workplace

  C.Okamoto, M.Higashiyama, E.Nagayama, C.Aoki, H.Takayoshi, Y.Nakashima, C.Kobayashi, K.Miura, M.Sakurai, K.Nakamura, Y.Morikawa, M.Ishizaki, T.Kido, Y.Naruse, H.Nakagawa

    35 ( 1 ) 39 - 41   2008.10  [Refereed]