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• Association between Total Fruit Consumption and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

  Kojima, A; Ikehara, S; Miyazaki, J; Kawasaki, R; Iso, H

  ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM ( Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism )    1 - 9   2025.11 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  INTRODUCTION: Whether the consumption of fruits, flavonoid-rich fruits, and 100% fruit juice is associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unclear. We aimed to examine the association of total fruit, flavonoid-rich fruits, and 100% fruit juice consumption with the risk of GDM. METHODS: A total of 93,759 singleton pregnancies who were enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children's Study remained for the analysis. Total fruit consumption including fruits and 100% fruit juice during the past year in the first trimester was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for GDM associated with total fruit, flavonoid-rich fruits, non-flavonoid-rich fruits, and 100% fruit juice consumption were estimated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: GDM occurred in 2,096 (2.2%) of the 93,759 pregnant women. Total fruit consumption was inversely associated with the risk of GDM; the multivariable ORs (95% CI) for the highest vs lowest quartiles of total fruit consumption were 0.82 (0.71, 0.95) (p for trend = 0.013). An increase in total fruit consumption by each 100 g/d was inversely associated with the risk of GDM [OR = 0.94 (0.91, 0.98), p for trend = 0.001)]. The multivariable ORs (95% CIs) for the highest versus lowest quartiles of flavonoid-rich fruits consumption was 0.80 (0.70, 0.93) (p for trend = 0.003), whereas that for non-flavonoid-rich fruits consumption was 0.96 (0.83, 1.11) (p for trend = 0.504); 100% fruit juice consumption was inversely associated with the risk of GDM for each 100 g/d increase (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87, 0.96). CONCLUSION: Total fruit consumption, flavonoid-rich fruits and 100% fruit juice consumption were inversely associated with risk of GDM.

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• Associations between antenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and pregnancy outcomes: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS)

  Baba S, Tanigawa K, Nakayama SF, Nishihama Y, Hirata K, Ikehara S, Miyazaki J, Kawasaki R, Iso H.

  Science of The Total Environment     2025.08 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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• Associations between parents' broader autism phenotype and children's developmental difficulty scores at 6 and 12 months: A prospective study

  Hirokawa, K; Baba, S; Ikehara, S; Cui, MS; Kitano, N; Nakayama, H; Ozono, K; Iso, H

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT ( International Journal of Behavioral Development )    2025.07 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  Previous studies have investigated the associations between parents’ broader autism phenotype (BAP) in the United States and various European and Asian countries, but few studies have examined large samples to consider sex differences in children. The current study investigated whether parents’ BAP was associated with children’s developmental difficulty using the Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) at 6 and 12 months. The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) is a nationwide and government-funded birth cohort study, which began in January 2011. Among 46,438 dyads of mothers and fathers who provided complete data for the Japanese version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ-J-10) to measure BAP, the results of 31,079 dyads of mothers and fathers who also provided complete ASQ-3 data for their child were analyzed in the present study. Child sex differences were observed in ratings of developmental difficulties at 12 months, indicating that girls were rated as exhibiting less difficulty in the communication, problem solving, and personal-social domains than boys. Mothers’ BAP was strongly associated with children’s developmental difficulties at 6 and 12 months, while fathers’ BAP was associated with children’s developmental difficulty at 12 months. Fathers’ AQ-J-10 scores were associated with difficulties in girls at 12 months, and with low levels of partners’ participation in child rearing. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental studies will be necessary to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effects of parental influences on children’s development.

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• Association of Nighttime Sleep Duration at 1.5 Years With Height at 3 Years: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

  Masanobu Kawai, Sachiko Baba, Kanami Tanigawa, Satoyo Ikehara, Ryo Kawasaki, Hiroyasu Iso

  The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ( The Endocrine Society )    2025.05 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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• Risk score for non-vaccination of voluntary vaccines: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

  Masashi Hotta, Kimiko Ueda, Satoyo Ikehara, Kanami Tanigawa, Hirofumi Nakayama, Kazuko Wada, Tadashi Kimura, Keiichi Ozono, Tomotaka Sobue, Hiroyasu Iso

  Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society   67 ( 1 ) e15888   2025.04 [ Peer Review Accepted ]

  Type of publication: Research paper (scientific journal)

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  BACKGROUND: In Japan, as several important vaccines are still categorized as voluntary vaccines that require out-of-pocket payment, the vaccination coverage of voluntary vaccines is lower than that of routine vaccines. Thus, higher voluntary vaccination rates are desired. Herein, we used nationwide birth cohort data to create a voluntary vaccine risk score to identify high-risk individuals who were not vaccinated with voluntary vaccines. METHODS: The data from 74,733; 73,571; and 74,360 infants were analyzed for rotavirus, mumps virus, and influenza virus vaccinations, respectively. The risk score for non-vaccination of voluntary vaccines was created from the regression coefficients of the logistic regression models. RESULTS: The items included for the score resulted from the analysis were the mother's drug allergy history, mother's depression history, mother's educational background, father's educational background, household income, maternal smoking during pregnancy, paternal smoking during pregnancy, fertility treatment, number of siblings, maternal drinking at 1 month of age, maternal age, and maternal nationality. The mother's drug allergy history, mother's depression history, fertility treatment, maternal drinking at 1 month of age, and maternal nationality were factors not previously reported and associated with taking voluntary vaccine. The receiver operating characteristic curve of the risk score for non-vaccination of voluntary vaccines suggested that a score ≥16 predicted non-vaccinated infants for rotavirus, mumps virus, and influenza virus vaccines with 78.6%, 75.0%, and 74.5% sensitivity and 44.2%, 43.2%, and 37.1% specificity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a risk score for non-vaccination of voluntary vaccines consisting of 10 domains with high sensitivity but low specificity.

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Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】

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• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)

  Project Year: 2024.04  -  2028.03 

  Direct: 3,600,000 (YEN)  Overheads: 4,680,000 (YEN)  Total: 1,080,000 (YEN)

• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)

  Project Year: 2020.04  -  2024.03 

• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)

  Project Year: 2018.04  -  2023.03 

  Direct: 0 (YEN)  Overheads: 0 (YEN)  Total: 0 (YEN)

• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B)

  Project Year: 2018.04  -  2020.03 

• Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)

  Project Year: 2015.04  -  2018.03 

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